Patchouli is a plant that produces essential oil. One problem with patchouli is that production remains low due to virus attacks. To address this issue, virus-free seedlings can be produced through tissue culture. This measure requires examining the effectiveness of patchouli regeneration in vitro through histological observations and acclimatization, in as much as effective propagation supports healthy seedlings. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal propagation for Aceh patchouli via in vitro propagation, through histological observation. It investigated the optimal acclimatization for patchouli to assist patchouli adaptation. The study was carried out in several stages, starting from shoot multiplication, root induction, and acclimatization. Shoot multiplication was carried out on MS medium supplemented with BAP : 0.25 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L, 0.75 mg/L, 1.00 mg/L, 1.25 mg/L, and 1.50 mg/L. Root induction was carried out on MS medium supplemented with NAA : 0 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.6 mg/L, and 0.8 mg/L. Finally, the acclimatization was performed on compost under covering treatment. The results demonstrated that the best shoot multiplication, taking place in 6.3 days, was obtained through the 0.25 mg/L BAP treatment. This treatment resulted in the highest shoot proliferation, with a mean of 68.5 shoots per explant, as well as the greatest shoot height (5.1 cm). The best root induction was obtained from NAA 0.2 mg/L, producing a plant length (18.27 cm), plant height (9.60 cm), root length (8.67 cm), and plant fresh weight (1.49 g). During the acclimatization stage, the 12-day covering treatment produced the best seedlings, as evinced by plant length (25.8 cm), shoot height (19.5 cm), root length (7.9 cm), fresh weight (1.85 g), leaf width (3.0 cm), and a survival rate of 100%.
Pumpkin (
Citations
Mungbeans (
Citations
Interspecific hybrids of eggplants (
Wheat is globally an important cereal crop. Environmental stress, especially drought stress can play an important role in the reduction of plant growth, specifically during germination in arid and semi-arid regions. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) treated hydroponic conditions create negative osmotic potential which is compared with moisture deficit stress. The main
objective
of this study was to investigate the effects of PEG 6000 induced moderate osmotic stress on germination indices of 22 wheat varieties. In order to study the effects of osmotic stress on germination indices in wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted, using a completely randomized design with three replications under two different levels of PEG-6000: 0% and 10%. PEG stress significantly reduced percent germination, shoot length and root length. PEG stress significantly increased root-shoot ratio and oven dry weight. Principal component analysis revealed response of traits of tolerant wheat varieties under osmotic stress. Correlation study revealed the significant relationships among germination indices. The variety BARI Gom-30 recorded comparatively higher root length (6 cm), shoot length (7.8 cm), root-shoot ratio (1.37) followed by the variety Sonalika whereas the variety Kalaysona recorded the lowest root length (2.7 cm) and shoot length (2.8 cm) under PEG stress. Evolved information of this research including selected traits such as germination percentage, root-shoot ratio and dry weight of seedlings could be exploited in wheat breeding program for drought and osmotic stress tolerance.
Citations
Osmotic stress is a kind of stress which is directly or indirectly related to all other abiotic stresses. Four rice varieties namely Binadhan-11 (with
Citations
Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR) of soybean is a severe disease that causes significant economic losses in soybean-growing countries. The causal agent,
objective
s of this review are to summarize published studies conducted on PRR, to suggest future directions of genetic researches and breeding to the target pathogen. This review will discuss the followings; i) a brief introduction to PRR and the causal agent
Citations
Rice is globally one of the most important cereal crops that faces osmotic stress under any kind of abiotic stresses. An experiment was conducted under controlled condition to study the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced osmotic stress on root and root hair morphology and associated biochemical traits in four morphologically diverse rice genotypes. Plants were grown hydroponically. Two treatments, 0% (control) and 5% PEG 6000 (
Citations
Clubroot, caused by the obligate biotrophic protist
Citations
Seedling vigor in drought stress conditions is an important characteristic of the dry direct-seeded rice system. The drought stress in the seedling stage disrupts seed germination and delays the establishment of seedlings. However, little is known about the genetic mechanism of seedling vigor in drought conditions. The identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) was conducted using 162 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two rice varieties—a Tongil-type Milyang23 and a temperate japonica Tong88-7. The seedling vigor of these RILs was characterized by measuring 10 morphological traits of the seedlings grown under drought conditions. The Tong88-7 seedlings showed significantly higher values than the Milyang23 seedlings for all traits. The genotyping-by-sequencing method was used to construct a map of 6140 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Six main-effect QTLs (M-QTLs) associated with seedling vigor traits under drought stress were identified on chromosomes 9 and 11. In particular, five out of these six QTLs were located on chromosome 11, explaining the phenotypic variances of 4.3% through 10.1%. In addition, 21 epistatic QTLs (E-QTLs) were detected, and the 27 loci involved in this interaction were distributed on 11 chromosomes. Both M-QTLs and E-QTLs detected in this study would be useful in breeding programs to develop elite rice varieties especially adapted to dry direct-seeded rice system.
Citations
Among the plant parasitic nematodes, root knot nematode (RKN) is the most devastating in tomato growing regions. Controlling RKN mostly relies on nematicides. Since chemical application is limited due to adverse environmental effect, alternative approaches are required. Although there are some alternatives, but resistance cultivars are getting popularity in the farmer’s field because of simplicity, cost-effective and environment safety. Genes conferring resistance to RKN have already been identified followed by the introgression into elite cultivars. Currently, natural resistance genes (
Citations
Soybean cyst [SCN,
objective
of this research was to evaluate these germplasm accessions for resistance to RKN and RN. The evaluation for RKN resistance was conducted in RKN infested field plantings after potatoes near Charleston, MO in 2006 and 2007. The evaluation for RN resistance was performed in a greenhouse at Fayetteville, AR, in 2007. Out of these accessions, 64 PIs were identified with high or moderate resistance to RKN. Of these 64 lines, 24 accessions showed good resistance to both RKN and RN. These new sources of resistance to multiple nematodes will be valuable materials for soybean breeding programs to develop new resistant cultivars that can overcome yield losses caused by one or more of these nematode species.
Citations
This study was initiated to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in root system development by measuring root length and weight of rice seedlings grown in hydroponic culture condition. Growth conditions for estimating the root elongation were set up to supply NH4+ as a single nitrogen source. Four rice accessions and 40 introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross between ‘Ilpumbyeo’, a temperate
Citations
A panel of 65 melon germplasm was used to screen for resistance to
Citations
On August 2, 1999, the typhoon “Olga” with the maximum wind speed of 19.2 m/s hit the Korean peninsula and caused considerable damage to crops. Regional yield trials were at tasseling stage and were affected by the typhoon. After the storm, almost all the plants were root-lodged. This provided a rare chance to study the relationship between recovery from the lodging and reduction of grain yield in maize. Three check cultivars were examined for angle of lodging, grain yield, yield components, plant height and ear height. Six levels of leaning were classified. Plants leaning less than 10° from the vertical were considered as non-lodged. Average reduction in grain yield across five levels of lodging was 29.2% with the mean of 46.1°. The reductions of three hybrids were 25% for Suwon 19, 39.5% for Pioneer 3525 and 27.4% for DeKalb 689.
objective
in Korea.
Citations
First
Prev
