Fonio, known to be the smallest and oldest form of millet grown in sub-Saharan Africa, has remained relatively poor of research despite its nutritional, sociocultural, agroecological, therapeutic and economic potentials. Based on systematic literature review, this critical study showed that fonio genetic breeding progress is at a low level. Genetic resources are threatened by erosion, particularly extra-early cultivars of
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The production of chili pepper (
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Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR) of soybean is a severe disease that causes significant economic losses in soybean-growing countries. The causal agent,
objective
s of this review are to summarize published studies conducted on PRR, to suggest future directions of genetic researches and breeding to the target pathogen. This review will discuss the followings; i) a brief introduction to PRR and the causal agent
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Plants are often exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses that affect plant growth, development, and productivity. Drought is an important abiotic stress that has a particularly serious impact on plant growth and development. We transformed rice with
Viral diseases in squash are damaging during the early stages of development and cause loss of crop yield and economic value. To reduce the damage caused by viral diseases, resistant cultivars should be bred. The
objective
of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between virus resistance and a
Osmotic stress is a kind of stress which is directly or indirectly related to all other abiotic stresses. Four rice varieties namely Binadhan-11 (with
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Lipoxygenase-2 present in soybean seeds is the prime contributor to off-flavour generated during the processing of soy products. Genetic elimination of this undesirable component is important as the heat inactivation not only incurs extra cost but also affects the protein solubility. The present study was aimed at eliminating lipoxygenase-2 from cultivar ‘JS97-52’ through marker assisted introgression of null allele of
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Wheat is globally an important cereal crop. Environmental stress, especially drought stress can play an important role in the reduction of plant growth, specifically during germination in arid and semi-arid regions. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) treated hydroponic conditions create negative osmotic potential which is compared with moisture deficit stress. The main
objective
of this study was to investigate the effects of PEG 6000 induced moderate osmotic stress on germination indices of 22 wheat varieties. In order to study the effects of osmotic stress on germination indices in wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted, using a completely randomized design with three replications under two different levels of PEG-6000: 0% and 10%. PEG stress significantly reduced percent germination, shoot length and root length. PEG stress significantly increased root-shoot ratio and oven dry weight. Principal component analysis revealed response of traits of tolerant wheat varieties under osmotic stress. Correlation study revealed the significant relationships among germination indices. The variety BARI Gom-30 recorded comparatively higher root length (6 cm), shoot length (7.8 cm), root-shoot ratio (1.37) followed by the variety Sonalika whereas the variety Kalaysona recorded the lowest root length (2.7 cm) and shoot length (2.8 cm) under PEG stress. Evolved information of this research including selected traits such as germination percentage, root-shoot ratio and dry weight of seedlings could be exploited in wheat breeding program for drought and osmotic stress tolerance.
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This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variation for 75 accessions of common millet collected from Korea, Japan, and China. Genetic diversity analysis was performed on 75 accessions from Korea, Japan, and China using 9 SSR primers. A total of 30 alleles was identified with an average of 3.33 alleles per locus. The GD values measured in these groups ranged from 0.127 to 0.377 with an average of 0.266. The PIC values ranged from 0.124-0.347 with an average of 0.245. The Chinese common millet accessions showed higher genetic diversity than the Korean and Japanese accessions. From the analysis of population structure using the software program STRUCTURE 2.2, the 75 common millet accessions divided into two groups because the highest value of Δ
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The application of molecular markers in rice breeding facilitates the rapid screening of genotypes in early growth stages without phenotypic assessment. In the present study, we developed and validated high throughput Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assays for rice stripe virus (RSV) resistance genes. The newly developed RSV-KASP markers were compared with the gel-based InDel marker, Indel7. The results of the RSV-KASP assay and the Indel7 analysis were consistent. Due to their high accuracy, time saving attribute, high throughput features, and cost-effectiveness, KASP could be more suitable for RSV genotyping than other methods.
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