Interspecific hybridization creates new genetic variants. Embryo formation and subsequently fertile seed development are the indicators of successful interspecific hybridization. Often interspecific hybridization is limited due to variations in genome and ploidy levels. The technique of embryo rescue is commonly used in interspecific hybridization to facilitate the survival of embryos from abortion. The effectiveness of an embryo rescue program in the
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Short duration oilseed
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The
objective
of this study was to analyze fruit qualities (i.e., pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and mineral content) as well as fatty acid and phenolic compounds (i.e., ellagic acid and anthocyanins) among hybrid boysenberry lines developed by hybridization and gamma irradiation. There were no significant differences in the hybrid boysenberry fruit pH and titratable acidity (%) among the tested genotypes. However, the soluble solids content was higher in the BSA119 and BSA144 mutants than in the original genotype (BS_Hybrid). Meanwhile, linoleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in the analyzed hybrid boysenberry fruits. The fatty acid composition did not differ significantly among the genotypes. The ellagic acid content of all genotypes ranged from 8.72 mg/100 g to 46.10 mg/100 g, with the highest concentration observed for the BSB127 genotype. Additionally, cyanidin-3-
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Kazakhstan is an agrarian country with 270 million hectares utilized for animal and crop production. The foremost
objective
of the state agriculture programs in Kazakhstan is to achieve food security of country on the basis of competitive crop production. Demand for soybean as an oil crop and animal feed is steadily growing in Kazakhstan and hence soybeans can be a great attribute for food security in this region. Currently, over 90% of all soybean production is concentrated in one region (Almaty) because the crop is highly sensitive to photoperiod and temperature. The climatological conditions in majority of the region pose difficulties in growing the soybeans. In this review, we discussed the impact of the geographical and environmental conditions in enhancing the soybean cultivation in different parts of Kazakhstan. Additionally, we have taken an account of current status of soybean production and the barriers that may have great influence on the soybean yield. Because soybean is a short-day plant, the main role in its adaptation to areas in Kazakhstan is played by its
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Low temperature stress at the seedling stage of rice is an important factor causing the leaf discoloration, wilting and consequently leads to non-uniform crop maturation. In order to screen the cold tolerance elite lines efficiently, the five cold treatment conditions with different water and air temperature were designed and treated at seedling stage. For the evaluation of seedling tolerance, the injury was scored by visual rate and measured by Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) meter. In the reactions of varieties for each treatment, the treatment ‘B’ condition, 12ºC mean water with 24ºC mean air, shows clear discoloration, so it’s correlation coefficient was highest (r=−0.9,
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Assessment of the genetic variation and biochemical traits among various germplasm collections are necessary for utilization of valuable genetic resource and effective strategies of germplasm conservation. The aims of this study were to analyze the genetic diversity using SSR markers and compare protein, oil content and fatty acid composition of about 185 soybean germplasm which is comprised of Korean landraces and collections from six different global regions. Seventy two SSR markers were selected based on their distribution on the 17 genetic linkage groups of soybean. A total of 784 alleles were detected from all accessions, with an average of 10.9 alleles per microsatellite locus. The genetic diversity observed was high wherein three distinct groups were formed containing several subgroups according to their geographic origins. Biochemical contents assay revealed significant differences in their protein and oil contents. Generally, the crude protein content was highest among India and Myanmar collections, while oil content was highest among accessions from USA and China. A negative correlation was observed between protein and oil contents, and between oleic and linolenic acids. The highest value observed for biochemical content among all germplam tested was 45.8% for crude protein, 26.7% for crude oil and 35.7% for oleic acid composition. Our study provided a better understanding of genetic relationships and geographical origin among various germplasm collections, and it could contribute to more efficient utilization of valuable genetic resources.
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A panel of 65 melon germplasm was used to screen for resistance to
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Rapeseeds have many health benefits because its oil is rich in polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols. The
objective
of this research was to examine a possible genetic variation of oil, fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols in eight rapeseed varieties and the effect of locations on expression of those chemical compounds. In this study, effects of variety x location interaction for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicogenic and erucic contents were found to be significant while that of oil content was not. For oil content, variation between the two locations was much higher than all other factors. Variation among varieties was the major source of variation in most fatty acids. Variation between two locations was much less for tocopherols and phytosterols than that for oil and fatty acids. Instead, variation in residual effect was much higher in tocopherols and phytosterols demanding more number of replication to achieve same level of statistical precision as oil and fatty acids. Correlation analyses confirmed that some of the chemical compounds can be a target for indirect selection.
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