DNA methylation is a common and rapid evolving epigeneticmechanism among higher eukaryotic organisms including cytosine residues in CG and CNG sequences. NtROS2a gene isolated from tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi nc) contains DNA glycosylase domain with significant similarities to Arabidopsis ROS1 and DME at the C-terminus. Purified NtROS2a protein gene is 5879 bp long and is designated as Nicotiana tabacum Repressor Of Silencing (NtROS: accession numbers; AB281588). RT-PCR analysis initially revealed the adaptive response of the lines overexpressing the gene in tobacco to various abiotic stresses. This was validated when phenotypic evaluation to cold, salt, simulated drought and osmotic stress tolerance was performed. Reduction in leaf wilting rate against high salinity treatment is remarkable in transgenic plants which showed at least 50% less wilting than the WT. Moreover, about 70% wilt rate difference was noted between the transgenic and WT in H₂O₂ treatment. This study showed that NtROS2a gene encoding DNA glycosylase which caused demethylation could regulate adaptive response of tobacco to various abiotic stress conditions.

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In this study, we isolated cDNA with open reading frame encoding putative methyl-binding domain proteins from red pepper, which was designated as CaMBD1 (HQ171162). BLASTX search and phylogenetic analysis suggested that the CaMBD1 gene belonged to AtMBD10 group (subclass I) of MBD family. The expression profile of the CaMBD1 was studied via Q-RT-PCR and the results indicated that the CaMBD1 were differentially expressed in detected red pepper tissues. It was interesting to note that CaMBD1 was highly expressed in dry seeds and endosperms. Moreover, the differential expression pattern of CaMBD1 was observed in leaves and roots under water-stress. Also a GFP-CaMDB1 fusion construct introduced into the onion epidermal cells confirmed localization of CaMBD1 into the nuclei. To investigate the biological significance of CaMBD1 proteins, we transformed Arabidopsis using CaMBD1 gene. The resulting 35S::CaMBD1 plants showed a variety of phenotypic effects including aerial rosettes, serrated leaves, abnormal position of flowers, fertility problems and late flowering. Arabidopsis lines involved in chromatin remodeling show similar phenotypes. Our results suggest an important role of CaMBD1 biological in plant growth and development.

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