Water deficit is a critical factor obstructing the growth and survival of plant. Therefore, researchers have been trying to develop drought-resistant varieties. To find indicators of drought stress-tolerance of cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa), we analyzed the response of cypress seedlings from six provenances of Korea (Jeju, Suwon, Seoul, Seongnam, Yong-in, and Osan) to drought stress. Additionally, the genetic diversity of C. obtusa from the six provenances were determined using microsatellite markers. We confirmed that populations from Suwon and Seongnam were relatively separated from other populations through genetic distance and cluster analysis. We examined their physiologic and metabolic responses after drought treatment for five weeks. Almost all of the cypress seedlings showed a reduced shoot growth rate under drought treatment compared to controls. In addition, temperature of drought treated cypress seedling leaves was 1.2-2℃ higher than that of the controls. Almost all of the drought stress-treated cypress showed increased carbon metabolite contents and pigments. In particular, the cypress seedlings from Osan showed the highest increase in all of the measured metabolites. Therefore, it is suggested that the seedlings from Osan are susceptible to drought stress. Conversely, the seedlings from Jeju, Suwon, and Yong-in showed a lower sensitivity to drought treatment. These results indicate that the cypress trees from the six provenances have a different response to drought stress. In addition, it is confirmed that previously identified indicators of drought stress, especially those that measure total soluble sugar, carotenoid, and H₂O₂, can be used in the selection of drought resistance cypress. These findings may useful in studies concerned with the metabolic and physiological responses of young cypress to drought.

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Endodormancy is a key determinant of cold and freezing hardiness in plant cycles. Short plant growth periods and increasing frequencies of frosting caused by increasing temperatures are major environmental challenges faced by trees in arid areas of central Mongolia. In the present study, the primary aim was to determine an effective method for cold hardiness with the use of six introduced and two Mongolian poplar clones. The secondary aim was selecting clones suitable for afforestation in Mongolia. Year old branches were subjected to four temperature treatments to induce cold hardiness. Electrolyte leakage, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction, leaf sprouting, and leaf browning rates were compared. High rates of electrolyte leakage and browning rates were observed along with low leaf sprouting at a low-temperature of ‒30°C. Temperatures between ‒25°C and ‒30°C damaged certain clones more than others. TTC reduction rate method for determining cold hardiness was considered effective in this case. In addition, Mongolian poplar P. sibirica differed distinctly from other poplar clones owing to the difference in dormancy-breaking whereas DN 247 and DN sim were better adapted to cold hardiness based on TTC reduction rate. These findings suggest that factors such as plant dormancy depth and physiological differences might significantly affect productivity and performance among plants. Evidently, further studies are required using other plant parts for selecting suitable poplar clones.

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