Seed starch content (SSC) is a decisive factor influencing soy food quality. Variation in SSC affects the composition of major components, oil, and protein in soybean seeds. Therefore, understanding G × E interaction of SSC is important to produce soybeans with stable SSC. In the present study, G × E interactions of 17 soybean genotypes having different SSC (0.24–1.48%) and correlation of SSC with crude protein (CP) and crude fat (CF) were investigated. The genotypes were evaluated for SSC and other traits at two planting dates across three locations over two years (2015 and 2016). The genotype × year, genotype × location, and genotype × year × location interactions were found to be significant (P ≤ 0.001) for SSC, CP, and CF. The average SSC content was found to be higher in 2015 than in 2016. Late planted soybeans contained higher SSC than the early planting soybeans. The SSC was negatively affected by the average daily mean and minimum temperatures and cloudiness during the pod-filling stage. Based on the mean rank, IT189276 (1.39%) was observed to be the most stable genotype among the high starch containing soybeans. Significant (P ≤ 0.0001) negative correlations were found between SSC and CP as well as CP and CF contents. However, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive correlation was observed between SSC and CF content. Results of this study showed that SSC affects the seed protein and oil contents and is significantly influenced by the growing environments.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Soybean as an animal protein analogue: Hormetic effect, popularity and consumer preference
  V Jayasri, Ayyagari Ramlal, Sreeramanan Subramaniam, Aparna Nautiyal, Praveen Gupta, Dhandapani Raju, S K Lal, Ambika Rajendran, Ankita Rajendra Parab
  Food Chemistry Advances.2026; 11: 101272.     CrossRef
• Effects of Allelic Variation in Storage Protein Genes on Seed Composition and Agronomic Traits of Soybean in the Omsk Oblast of Western Siberia
  Ilya V. Strembovskiy, Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Lyudmila V. Omel’yanuk, Andrey V. Arkhipov, Yana S. Meglitskaya, Mikhail S. Bazhenov, Akimbek M. Asanov, Mariya E. Mukhordova, Oksana A. Yusova, Yuliya I. Yaschenko, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
  Agronomy.2025; 15(11): 2533.     CrossRef
• Comparative Evaluation of Nutritional Quality and In Vitro Protein Digestibility in Selected Vegetable Soybean Genotypes at R6 and R8 Maturity
  Kanneboina Soujanya, T. Supraja, Aparna Kuna, Ramakrishnan M. Nair, S. Triveni, Kalenahalli Yogendra
  Foods.2025; 14(14): 2549.     CrossRef
• Traditional Legume Seed Fermentation Processes: What is the Individual Impact of the Cooking and Fermentation Stages on the Degradation of Anti-Nutritional Factors?
  Charlène Gbedo, Elodie Arnaud, Caroline Strub
  Food Reviews International.2025; 41(5): 1290.     CrossRef
• The effect of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and environmental factors on soybean traits
  Khaled Ramadan, Souhail Nader, Loubna Mokrani, Ghrood Al Aswd, Samir Abou-Isba, Abdulkarim Dakah
  BMC Plant Biology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Unveiling Diversity for Quality Traits in the Indian Landraces of Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.]
  Manju Kumari, Siddhant Ranjan Padhi, Sushil Kumar Chourey, Vishal Kondal, Swapnil S. Thakare, Ankita Negi, Veena Gupta, Mamta Arya, Jeshima Khan Yasin, Rakesh Singh, Chellapilla Bharadwaj, Atul Kumar, Kailash Chandra Bhatt, Rakesh Bhardwaj, Jai Chand Rana
  Plants.2023; 12(22): 3803.     CrossRef
• Genetic variation in four maturity genes and photoperiod insensitivity effects on the yield components and on the growth duration periods of soybean
  I. M. Raievska, A. S. Schogolev
  Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems.2023; 14(1): 55.     CrossRef
• Soybean genetic resources contributing to sustainable protein production
  Bingfu Guo, Liping Sun, Siqi Jiang, Honglei Ren, Rujian Sun, Zhongyan Wei, Huilong Hong, Xiaoyan Luan, Jun Wang, Xiaobo Wang, Donghe Xu, Wenbin Li, Changhong Guo, Li-Juan Qiu
  Theoretical and Applied Genetics.2022; 135(11): 4095.     CrossRef
• Correlations between soybean seed quality traits using a genome-wide association study panel grown in Canadian and Ukrainian mega-environments
  Huilin Hong, Mohsen Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi, Istvan Rajcan
  Canadian Journal of Plant Science.2022; 102(5): 1040.     CrossRef
• Control of seed born mycobiota associated with Glycine max L. Merr. seeds by a combination of traditional medicinal plants extracts
  SULAIMAN A. AL YOUSEF
  BIOCELL.2021; 45(5): 1403.     CrossRef
• Application of near infrared spectroscopy for determination of relationship between crop year, maturity group, location, and carbohydrate composition in soybeans
  Mukti Singh, Michael J. Bowman, Mark A. Berhow, Neil P. J. Price, Sean X. Liu
  Crop Science.2021; 61(4): 2409.     CrossRef
• Comparison of sugars, lipids and phenolics content in the grains of organically and conventionally grown soybean in Serbia
  Jelena M. Golijan, Danijel D. Milinčić, Radivoj B. Petronijević, Mirjana B. Pešić, Sladjana P. Stanojević, Miroljub B. Barać, Slavoljub Lekić, Aleksandar Ž. Kostić
  Zemdirbyste-Agriculture.2021; 108(1): 51.     CrossRef
• Protein, Amino Acid, Oil, Fatty Acid, Sugar, Anthocyanin, Isoflavone, Lutein, and Antioxidant Variations in Colored Seed-Coated Soybeans
  Sanjeev Kumar Dhungana, Jeong-Hyun Seo, Beom-Kyu Kang, Ji-Hee Park, Jun-Hoi Kim, Jung-Sook Sung, In-Youl Baek, Sang-Ouk Shin, Chan-Sik Jung
  Plants.2021; 10(9): 1765.     CrossRef
• Morpho-chemical evaluation of soybean genotypes across tropical agroecosystem
  A Krisnawati, M M Adie
  IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2019; 230: 012106.     CrossRef
• Assessment of Phenotypic Variations and Correlation among Seed Composition Traits in Mutagenized Soybean Populations
  Zhou Zhou, Naoufal Lakhssassi, Mallory A. Cullen, Abdelhalim El Baz, Tri D. Vuong, Henry T. Nguyen, Khalid Meksem
  Genes.2019; 10(12): 975.     CrossRef
• Genome-wide association study of seed protein, oil and amino acid contents in soybean from maturity groups I to IV
  Sungwoo Lee, Kyujung Van, Mikyung Sung, Randall Nelson, Jonathan LaMantia, Leah K. McHale, M. A. Rouf Mian
  Theoretical and Applied Genetics.2019; 132(6): 1639.     CrossRef
• Insight Into the Prospects for the Improvement of Seed Starch in Legume—A Review
  Rupesh Tayade, Krishnanand P. Kulkarni, Hyun Jo, Jong Tae Song, Jeong-Dong Lee
  Frontiers in Plant Science.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Dynamic Transcriptome Changes Related to Oil Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds
  Songnan Yang, Long Miao, Jianbo He, Kai Zhang, Yan Li, Junyi Gai
  International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(9): 2202.     CrossRef

Wild soybeans (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) are generally higher in protein and lower in oil with potential advantages as forage than cultivated soybeans. This study was conducted to evaluate forage yield and quality of wild soybeans. Three wild soybeans were compared to three cultivated soybeans for forage yield and quality at the full bloom stage, full pod stage, and full seed stage (R6) of development. The wild soybeans had significantly lower forage yield than cultivated soybeans at R6 which was determined to be the best stage to harvest based on forage quantity and quality. Wild soybean also had lower crude fat (2.0%) and crude protein (17.7%) concentration than cultivated soybean (5.7 and 21.3%, respectively) at the R6 stage. There were no significant differences for neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and relative feed value among growth stages between cultivated and wild soybean. The neutral detergent fiber was 40.2 and 40.4%, acid detergent fiber was 26.1% and 27.5%, and relative feed value was 161 and 158 at R6 stage for cultivated and wild soybean, respectively. Wild soybean had less forage yield at harvest time but had similar forage quality comparable to cultivated soybean. However, wild soybeans have smaller and softer stems for potentially improved palatability and feed intake than cultivated soybeans. Therefore, it will be a good genetic source to improve forage characteristics of soybean.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Comparative Analysis of Compositional Equivalence in Drought-Tolerant Genetically Modified Soybeans
  Ha-Jung Kang, Hyoun-Min Park, Sung-Dug Oh, Ye-Jin Jang, Jong-Chan Park, Seon-Woo Oh, Sang-Gu Lee, Soo-Yun Park, An-Cheol Chang
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2025; 57(4): 445.     CrossRef
• Contribution of Photosynthetic, Root and Phenotypic Traits to Soybean Plant Height
  Rongzhen Suo, Mingjiu Wang, Tianqi Zhao
  Sustainability.2024; 16(7): 2886.     CrossRef
• Selection of Soybean Germplasm for Mixed Cropping with Corn on the Same Row to Produce Better Yield and Value-Added Forage
  Jin-Dong Seo, Minsu Kim, Yowook Song, Danim Jo, Jong Tae Song, Jong Duk Kim, Chan Ho Kwon, Hyun Jo, Jeong-Dong Lee
  Korean Journal of Breeding Science.2019; 51(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of soybean silage on feeding behavior, performance, and meat quality of lambs
  V.M. Protes, C. Costa, C.M. Pariz, A.M. Castilhos, P.R.L. Meirelles, V.Z. Longhini, R.O. Roça, H.A. Ricardo, V.F.P. Melo
  Small Ruminant Research.2018; 164: 64.     CrossRef
• Genetic analysis of shoot fresh weight in a cross of wild (G. soja) and cultivated (G. max) soybean
  Sovetgul Asekova, Krishnanand P. Kulkarni, Gunvant Patil, Minsu Kim, Jong Tae Song, Henry T. Nguyen, J. Grover Shannon, Jeong-Dong Lee
  Molecular Breeding.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef