Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the starch-related traits amylose content (AC) and resistant starch (RS) content have received much attention due to the potential benefits of grains high in these starch levels. In this study, QTLs associated with AC and RS content were identified using 92 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between two closely related japonica cultivars ‘Dodamssal’ and ‘Hwayeong’. One QTL on chromosome 2 for RS content and 2 QTLs for AC on chromosomes 2 and 6 were detected. The F₂ population derived from a cross between Hwayeong and two selected RILs were used to analyze the interaction between starch branching enzyme 3 (SBE3) and granule-bound starch synthase 1 (GBSS1). The combined effect of SBE3 and GBSS1 in the F₂ population suggested that these two genes behaved in an additive manner in increasing AC. Haplotype analysis based on two SNPs in GBSS1 classified 117 rice accessions into three groups. At the first SNP site, all indica, Korean landrace, and weedy rice accessions had the Wx^a allele at the 5ʹ splice site of intron 1, whereas japonica accessions had the mutated Wx^b allele. This suggests that this splice-donor mutation is prevalent in japonica cultivars, but rare or absent in landrace and weedy rice cultivars. Landrace or weedy rice accessions harboring the Wx^a allele could be employed in breeding programs to manipulate AC in cultivated japonica rice considering the difficulty and time to introduce desirable indica traits into japonica due to reproductive barriers.

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasms with an amylose content above 30% were identified by screening 9481 accessions from the Rural Development Administration (RDA) gene bank. The total set of accessions came from 65 countries, including Korea, China, Japan, the Philippines, India, Taiwan, the United States, and Russia. High-throughput near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy equipped with a fiberoptic probe (700~2500 nm) was used to estimate the amylose content. The amylose contents ranged from 5 to 40% based on NIR spectroscopy; divided into 5% increments, the amylose content of 2820 accessions was found to be between 15 and 20%. To select rice accessions high in amylose, 239 accessions with an amylose content of 30% or greater were selected based on NIR spectroscopy data and cultivated in the field for final selection. Among the 239 accessions selected and cultivated, 151 were deemed agronomically satisfactory. Among the 151 accessions, based on laboratory analysis, 14 had an amylose content higher than 30% and 33 had an amylose content between 28 and 30%. The amylose contents of the reference cultivars Hopum-byeo and Sobi-byeo were 20.7% and 19.9%, respectively. Finally, successful selection of accessions with high amylose content from the large RDA gene bank collection was achieved based on a combination of NIR spectroscopy and laboratory data.

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  Agronomy.2023; 13(10): 2622.     CrossRef
• Quality Characteristics of Rice-Based Ice Creams with Different Amylose Contents
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