Molecular genetic studies of self-incompatibility (SI) are the most accentuating part in the way of advancement of reproductive mechanisms in flowering plants. In the Brassicaceae plants, self-incompatibility has been mapped genetically to a single chromosomal location where several closely linked genes have been identified. Recently, various studies have provided a novel insight into the basis of specificity in the
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Male sterility is an important trait for crop breeding program based on heterosis. Recent advances in molecular researches have led to the identification of genes involved in plant reproductive development and understanding the molecular functions of rice male gametophyte including roles of phytohormones in reproduction process. Here, we review the genes required for key aspects of anther/pollen development and conventional methods for the production of hybrid seeds in rice. Finally, we discuss the molecular approaches for the generation of male-sterile lines through the regulation of phytohormonal biosynthesis in reproductive organs.
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Transcription factors are the regulatory proteins which activate or repress their target genes. We isolated homeodomain-leucine zipper III (
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Quantitative genetic parameters were estimated for three characters that are important to timber production and survival of
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Resveratrol is a stilbenoid and phytoalexin produced in response to stresses, such as wounding, and pathogen attacks by bacteria or fungi. Two resveratrol rice lines, Iksan515 and Iksan526, were used to examine resistance against Korean pathogen races for bacterial blight, leaf blast, and brown leaf spot. The screening test for bacterial blight demonstrated an increased susceptibility of both transgenic lines to K1 race, and a more susceptible Iksan515 to K2. Phenotypic evaluation for resistance to brown leaf spot also revealed the susceptibility of Iksan526 to the disease which did not significantly differ from the isogenic variety ‘Dongjin’, and a slightly more susceptible Iksan515 to the disease compared to check. When the lines were screened with three races (KJ301, KJ101 and KJ133) of leaf blasts in the field, both transgenic lines exhibited resistance but at the same level with ‘Dongjin’. Our overall findings suggest that foreign phytoalexin resveratrol production in transgenic rice lines transformed with
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Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) is a technique that leads to the development of novel specific molecular markers and relationship analysis between species. In this study, 54 ISSRs were used to develop cultivar-specific DNA sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs) for Korean wheat cultivars (
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To identify the genes specifically or predominantly expressed in ozone-fumigated leaves of two soybean cultivars: Jinpumkong and Cheongjakong, expression levels of mRNA were investigated using differential banding patterns on agarose gel. A total of 408 bands differently expressed after ozone fumigation was identified; 153 of which were up-regulated while 225 were down-regulated. Using BLASTx, the putative functions of the expressed sequence tags were determined. The 178 ozone-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) matched with the previously known genes with high significance. The putative functional classes of these DEGs were categorized by two databases: Gene Ontology and MIPS. Based on the Gene Ontology database, majority of the DEGS have molecular function related to transferase activity. Most of them are involved in the cellular and metabolic processes. Cytoplasmic part and cell part were the primary types of cellular component in the ozone-responding DEGs. Whereas findings using the MIPS database revealed the function distribution of up-regulated DEGs across all classes. Most of the ozone-regulated genes identified in this study are related to biotic and abiotic stresses. The characterized ESTs will serve as useful data to provide a better understanding of the molecular basis and transcript profiles.
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A panel of 65 melon germplasm was used to screen for resistance to
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Winter apple buds germplasm was cryopreserved in the Korean Genebank to back up the genetic resources maintained by field collections. We examined the standard two-step freezing protocol for the cryopreservation of winter buds of apple germplasm developed by National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP) in the USA. This protocol requires desiccation of the stem explants containing a single dormant bud to 30% moisture content, cooling at a rate of 1°C/h to −30°C for 24 hours, followed by rapid immersion in liquid nitrogen. To evaluate the viability of cryopreserved buds after at least 24 hours, the thawed and rehydrated segments are transferred to a greenhouse and used for vegetative propagation by chip budding onto rootstock or by
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Conventional PCR requires purified DNA molecules as templates. Purification of DNA molecules from a large number of samples is laborious, costly and time-consuming. Therefore, various direct-PCR methods using tissues directly employed as templates have been developed. Using direct-PCR, one can deal with large number of plant samples far more rapidly and efficiently. However, conditions and methods of direct-PCR vary for different plant samples. This is why applications of direct-PCR technology to plant science have been limited. In this study, we have established the appropriate condition for effectively lysing various plant cells and developed the plant cell lysis buffer named ‘Alkaline PEG lysis buffer’ for the direct-PCR. The direct-PCR technology using a newly developed Alkaline PEG lysis buffer successfully amplified different targeted endogenous genes in seven different plant species. This technology is expected to be very useful and effective tool in plant breeding dealing with large number of plants for the selection of targeted traits, markers and pedigrees.
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An increasing production of soybean (
objective
of this research was to develop low allergenic soybean lines with molecular marker. The soybean genome assembly specifies that three copy genes of P34 exist in soybean genome. These are Glyma08g12270, which is expressed at significantly higher level over the other two, Glyma08g12280 and Glyma05g29130. Glyma08g12270 was found inactive and was not expressed in low P34 germplasm accessions. Using a co-dominant marker and a polyclonal antibody, polymorphisms and the quantity of protein produced by Glyma08g12270 were analyzed in the F2 and F3 generations obtained by crossing PI567476 and the Korean cultivar Hwanggum. The molecular marker and polyclonal antibody developed in this study could therefore be effectively used for selecting lines that express P34 at low levels. Selected lines could further be used to cross with other null allergenic soybean accessions to breed low allergenic soybean variety.
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