Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Table. 5. Table 5

Common fluorescent dyes for nuclear DNA staining.

Fluorochrome	Primary binding mode	Wavelength (nm)^*

		Excitation	Emission
Ethidium bromide^**	Intercalation	530	605
Propidium iodide^**	Intercalation	540	615
Hoechst 33258	AT-binding	365	465
Hoechst 33342	AT-binding	360	460
DAPI (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride)	AT-binding	365	450
DIPI (4’,6-bis (2’-imidazolinyl-4H.5H)-2-phenylindole)	AT-binding	365	450
Chromomycin A3	GC-binding	445	570
Mithramycin	GC-binding	445	575
Olivomycin	GC-binding	440	560

*Dye-DNA complex. **Binds also to double-stranded RNA.